Pengaruh Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization dan Manual Therapy terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Myofascial Pain Syndrome pada Usia Dewasa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59435/gjik.v4i2.2087Keywords:
IASTM, Manual Therapy, Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Penurunan Nyeri, Trigger PointAbstract
Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) merupakan salah satu gangguan muskuloskeletal yang ditandai dengan adanya myofascial trigger point yang menimbulkan nyeri lokal maupun nyeri alih, kekakuan otot, serta keterbatasan fungsi gerak. Kondisi ini banyak terjadi pada populasi usia dewasa dan dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari serta menurunkan produktivitas kerja. Berbagai intervensi fisioterapi telah digunakan untuk menangani MPS, di antaranya Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) dan manual therapy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh IASTM dan manual therapy terhadap penurunan nyeri pada kasus Myofascial Pain Syndrome pada usia dewasa. Penelitian menggunakan metode narrative review dengan menganalisis 20 artikel ilmiah yang diperoleh dari basis data Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed pada rentang tahun 2017–2024. Artikel yang dipilih merupakan penelitian dengan desain randomized controlled trial dan quasi-experimental yang mengevaluasi parameter nyeri menggunakan instrumen seperti Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT), dan Neck Disability Index (NDI). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa baik IASTM maupun manual therapy mampu menurunkan intensitas nyeri secara signifikan serta meningkatkan fungsi muskuloskeletal pada pasien MPS. IASTM juga menunjukkan peningkatan ambang nyeri tekan dan peningkatan range of motion pada beberapa penelitian. Secara keseluruhan, kedua intervensi tersebut dapat direkomendasikan sebagai pendekatan fisioterapi berbasis evidence-based practice dalam penanganan Myofascial Pain Syndrome pada usia dewasa.
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