Reaktualisasi Fungsi Surau Dalam Menguatkan Peradaban Islam Dan Moral Keumatan Di Minangkabau
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Deri Putra
Ranti Firdaus
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis fenomena penurunan fungsi surau sebagai institusi keagamaan dan sosial dalam masyarakat Muslim kontemporer, khususnya dalam konteks perubahan orientasi nilai keberagamaan dan transformasi praktik sosial. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif berorientasi fenomenologis, penelitian ini memaknai pengalaman, persepsi, dan interpretasi masyarakat terhadap pergeseran fungsi surau melalui observasi lapangan, analisis teks keislaman, dan studi literatur akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan signifikan dari karakter surau sebagai pusat ibadah, dakwah, dan pembinaan moral menuju fungsi yang lebih bersifat seremonial, simbolik, dan ekonomis. Temuan juga mengidentifikasi munculnya komersialisasi aktivitas keagamaan, melemahnya partisipasi ibadah rutin, krisis identitas religius generasi muda, serta hilangnya kesadaran kolektif mengenai fungsi ideal surau sebagai ruang pembentukan karakter dan solidaritas sosial. Faktor penyebab kemunduran fungsi surau meliputi sekularisme, individualisme, rendahnya kepemimpinan moral, kemerosotan legitimasi otoritas keagamaan, serta minimnya dukungan kebijakan struktural. Penelitian ini menekankan urgensi revitalisasi surau melalui model tata kelola berbasis jamaah, integrasi pendidikan akhlak, kolaborasi ulama–adat–pemerintah–pemuda, kurikulum pembinaan yang sistematis, serta transparansi pendanaan sebagai fondasi pemulihan kepercayaan publik. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis terhadap kajian transformasi institusi keagamaan dalam masyarakat modern dan menawarkan rekomendasi kebijakan strategis bagi penguatan kembali fungsi surau sebagai pusat spiritual, sosial, dan budaya dalam memperkuat peradaban Islam.
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