Influencer Dan Kapital Perhatian: Tinjauan Literatur Mengenai Keterlihatan Digital Dan Budaya Fleksing
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Heni Kumalasari
Noor Akhmad
I Putu Sriartha
Wayan Mudana
I Made Pageh
Perkembangan media sosial telah mengubah cara individu membangun identitas digital, menjadikan perhatian publik sebagai komoditas bernilai tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara influencer, ekonomi perhatian, digital visibility, dan budaya flexing dalam membentuk performativitas diri di platform digital. Penelitian menggunakan kajian literatur naratif dan tematik dari 53 artikel tahun 2016 hingga 2025. Proses analisis meliputi identifikasi artikel melalui basis data internasional, seleksi berbasis kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, serta sintesis tematik untuk menyoroti tema dominan, kerangka teori, dan metode penelitian yang digunakan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tren peningkatan publikasi sejak tahun 2020, dengan distribusi disiplin ilmu sebagai berikut: 62% komunikasi, 15% sosiologi, 13% psikologi, dan 10% ekonomi digital. Sebagian besar penelitian berasal dari konteks Barat (70%), sedangkan 30% meneliti konteks Global South. Temuan tematik menegaskan bahwa influencer berperan sebagai produsen visibilitas digital; keterlihatan tersebut memunculkan perhatian publik yang dikonversi menjadi nilai ekonomi dan sosial melalui strategi flexing. Fenomena ini menimbulkan ketegangan antara otentisitas diri, ekspektasi sosial, dan logika algoritma, membentuk ekosistem baru dalam kapitalisme digital. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa digital visibility berfungsi sebagai modal sosial dan simbolik yang mempengaruhi status, peluang ekonomi, dan identitas digital individu. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan interdisipliner untuk memahami performativitas digital dan memberikan panduan praktis bagi influencer dan praktisi media sosial dalam manajemen konten, branding personal, serta pengelolaan ekspektasi audiens. Studi ini juga membuka peluang penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai konteks lintas budaya, authenticity paradox, dan dinamika algoritmik.
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